PA.IV.B — Task B — Normal Approach and Landing

References: AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; POH/AFM

Objective: To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with normal approach and landing with emphasis on proper use and coordination of flight controls. Note: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements must be evaluated through oral testing.

Knowledge — The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

PA.IV.B.K1 A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.

PA.IV.B.K2 Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance.

PA.IV.B.K3 Wind correction techniques on approach and landing.

Risk Management — The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

PA.IV.B.R1 Selection of runway/landing surface, approach path, and touchdown area based on pilot capability, aircraft performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.

PA.IV.B.R2 Effects of:

PA.IV.B.R2a a. Crosswind

PA.IV.B.R2b b. Windshear

PA.IV.B.R2c c. Tailwind

PA.IV.B.R2d d. Wake turbulence Private Pilot for Airplane Category ACS (FAA-S-ACS-6C) 20

PA.IV.B.R2e e. Landing surface/condition

PA.IV.B.R3 Planning for:

PA.IV.B.R3a a. Rejected landing and go-around

PA.IV.B.R3b b. Land and hold short operations (LAHSO)

PA.IV.B.R4 Collision hazards.

PA.IV.B.R5 Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).

PA.IV.B.R6 Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

Skills — The applicant exhibits the skill to:

PA.IV.B.S1 Complete the appropriate checklist(s).

PA.IV.B.S2 Make radio calls as appropriate.

PA.IV.B.S3 Ensure the airplane is aligned with the correct/assigned runway or landing surface.

PA.IV.B.S4 Scan the runway or landing surface and adjoining area for traffic and obstructions.

PA.IV.B.S5 Select and aim for a suitable touchdown point considering the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstructions.

PA.IV.B.S6 Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration, airspeed, and trim, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach.

PA.IV.B.S7 Maintain manufacturer’s published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 times the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration (VSO), +10/-5 knots with gust factor applied.

PA.IV.B.S8 Maintain directional control and appropriate crosswind correction throughout the approach and landing.

PA.IV.B.S9 Make smooth, timely, and correct control application during round out and touchdown.

PA.IV.B.S10 Touch down at a proper pitch attitude, within 400 feet beyond or on the specified point, with no side drift, and with the airplane’s longitudinal axis aligned with and over the runway center/landing path.

PA.IV.B.S11 Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing.

PA.IV.B.S12 Use runway incursion avoidance procedures, if applicable.